National slag mf page 1 association fire resistance and heat transmission properties of concrete and masonry made with blast furnce slag aggregate blast furnace slag is generally recognized to have exceptionally high fire resistance. In order to meet the dynamic desires of the design engineers. A mixture of portland cement and granulated slag, containing up to 65 percent slag, is known in the englishspeaking countries as portland blastfurnace slag cement. Surface area of the binders used was determined by blaine and bet fineness techniques. Evaluation of the effect of fly ash and slag on the.
Processed steel making slag has favorable mechanical properties for aggregate use, including good abrasion resistance, good soundness characteristics, and high bearing strength. Utilisation of steel slag as an aggregate in concrete. Some typical mechanical properties of steel making slag are as follows. With regard to the different slag system, silica acts as an acid oxide and a network former, impacting the polymerisation degree and some properties of molten slag directly 8. Guan10 found that the comprehensive performance of steel slag cement. The application of cement asphalt mortar cam in modern highspeed railways has been gaining attention due to its combined merits between asphalt and cement hydration product characteristics. Properties of pervious concrete incorporating recycled. Steel slag is a byproduct of the steelmaking and steel refining processes. The use of steelmaking slag without chemical modification presents a deleterious effect on cement mechanical properties, due to the expansion caused by the presence of free cao and mgo in the slag.
Influence of granulated blast furnace slag on mechanical. This paper aims to investigate the possibility of utilizing steel slags produced in croatian plants as a concrete aggregate. The mineralogical and morphological properties of bof and electricarcfurnaceladle eafl slag. In this study, we have tried to evaluate engineering properties of this material to use for construction fields. The influence of ground granulated blast furnace slag ggbfs on the characteristics of fresh concrete will let us know more about the working of ggbfs in a broader way. As the amount of copper slag increased the amount of slump increased. Properties and effects of copper slag in concrete 48 table 2.
In the czech republic, approximately 0,7 mil tons of steel slags, ladle slag is about 15 % is created during the steel production. Dartford bridge, united kingdom this article shed light on the properties of hardened concrete incorporating blast furnace slag. Properties of hardened concrete with blast furnace slag. Studies on the physical properties of ground granulated. While slags are generally used to remove waste in metal smelting, they can also serve other purposes, such as assisting in the temperature. To develop a sustainable future it is encouraged to limit the use of this construction material that can affect the environment. Slag is usually a mixture of metal oxides and silicon dioxide. Although normally designated as ggbs in the uk, it can also be referred to as ggbs or slag cement concrete is basically a mix of fine aggregate, coarse aggregate and cement. Steel furnace slag sfs and coal wash cw are two common byproducts from the coalmining and steel industries in australia. Pdf mechanical properties of slag reinforced polymer. Properties of concrete with ground granulated blast. The measurement of thermophysical properties of molten slags is both difficult and expensive.
High temperature properties of bof slag and its behaviour. The utilization of cementitious waste material as a partial replacement for cement. When molten silicon manganese slag contacts with water, it is cooled down rapidly with much water vapor and to be a rock masses like as volcano rock. Pervious concrete mixes were tested for slump, hardened density, void content, porosity, permeability, compressive strength, tensile splitting strength, flexural strength, and abrasion resistance. Use of steel slag aggregate in pavements report november. Also, slag replaced 50% of the cement as a means to reduce the carbon footprint of the proposed mixtures and enhance the properties. The granulated slag made by the rapid chilling of suitable molten slags from blast furnaces forms the basis of another group of constructional cements. Consequently, there has been a drive to develop empirical rules and models to estimate the various properties of. The chemical properties of the aggregates vary depending on the furnace, feed stock and slag formers used to produce the steel.
Characteristics and applications of iron and steel slag. Thermal properties of alkali activated slag plaster for. The importance of understanding the properties of slags, especially in steelmaking processes are indicated by the worldwide efforts to measure and model the slag properties. Slag cement is a latent hydraulic material, meaning that with use of this material, the rate of strength gain will be lower when compared to opc concrete. Properties of silicon manganese slag as an aggregate for. The aggregate formed from the slag is comprised of calcium oxide cao, silicon oxide sio 2, iron oxide fe 2 o 3. The slag content in cement is 50, 60, 70, and 80 percent. Ground granulated blast furnace slag ggbs chemical. Ground granulated blast furnace slag ggbs was employed as the main component of an alternative binder. Strength gain is not only an inherently important property, but it also indicates the quality of the overall cement matrix. Estimating the physical properties of slags request pdf. Effects of ground granulated blast furnace slag in. Murray holladay rd, suite 102 salt lake city, utah 84117 801 2727070 fax. Today, iron and steel slag is used in many fields where its unique characteristics can be put to effective use.
As an alternative material for lowheat cement, granulated blast furnace slag can be considered. Disposal of such material requires large surfaces and it is rather unfavorable in economic terms. Paper open access physical and chemical properties of. This porous rock may be used as a lightweight aggregate. The use of ggbs in concrete has proved to improve certain properties, when compared to portland cement concretes. A study on properties and effects of copper slag in concrete proceedings of 18th irf international conference, 11th january 2015, pune, india, isbn. Rubber crumbs rc is a material derived from waste tires contributing to environmental problems in most developed countries. Properties of slag d e p a r t m e nt o f metallurgical and materialssulphide capacity of slag engineering national institute of technology, rourkela the sulphur affinity of a slag, presented as molar sulphide capacity is defined by the equation. However, slags can contain metal sulfides and elemental metals. Environmental issues resulted from cement production have become a major concern today. The slag produced is very angular and porous with a rough surface texture figure 1.
Most basic and common attractive features of composites that make them useful for industrial applications are low cost, low weight, high specific modulus, renewability and biodegradability. Physical properties the reactivity of slag in cementitious systems depends not only on its chemistry, but also on its fineness finer materials have higher reactivity. This paper provides an overview of the different types of steel slag that are generated from basicoxygenfurnace bof steelmaking, electricarcfurnace eaf steelmaking, and ladlefurnace steel refining processes. Aggregate properties were determined on coarse slag fractions 48, 816 mm according to the relevant european standards. Sisal agave sisalana field byproduct was selected from a. High temperature properties of bof slag and its behaviour in the blast furnace lena sundqvist okvist ssab tunnplat ab, luleii and lulea university of technology, lulea sweden slag formation in the bosh and raceway is an important issue in the blast furnace process. Ssab works in lulea operate with 100 % olivine pellets.
In the view point of engineering properties, such as. The most common process is quenching with water, but air or a combination of air and water may be used. Fresh and hardened properties of ground granulated blast furnace slag made concrete article pdf available december 2018 with 505 reads how we measure reads. Structural and durability properties of concrete made with. Suna, a central research institute of building and construction, beijing, china received 10 august 2012. As a result of growing environmental awareness, iron and steel slag is highly regarded as a recycled material that can reduce impacts on the environment due to its resourceconservation and energysaving effects. Ground agricultural gypsum and constructiongrade hydrated lime were used as activators in the proportions of 0. Properties of fresh concrete with ground granulated blast.
So incorporating this waste material in concrete can reduce the depletion of conventional concrete components. Properties and uses of iron and steel slag mf 1826 national slag association. Pdf fresh and hardened properties of ground granulated. Transportation research record 941 geotechnical properties of a copper slag braja m. Using slag cement as a replacement material for opc changes the rate of strength gain because the hydration properties of slag cement are different from opc. To promote sustainable development, it is promising to utilize byproducts in the making of new cam instead of using only cement.
The climate change due to global warming has become a major concern. Evaluating the properties of mixtures of steel furnace. The slag properties are commonly divided into two parts, viz. Therefore, a thorough evaluation is necessary before using any. Ground granulated blast furnace slag ggbs the importance of ground granulated blast furnace slag ggbs lies in its greener way to become a substitute in concrete material. The use of ggbs in concrete has proved to improve certain properties, when compared to. Considering the obtained results, slags were specified in accordance with the classes as given in the main. The utilization of these materials reduces carbon dioxide co 2 footprint attributed to cement production and enhances the properties of concrete. The effect of replacing sand by iron slag on physical. Abstract ground granulated blastfurnace slag ggbs, which is a byproduct of the manufacturing of iron in the blast furnace, can partially replace cement in concrete. Slag is the glasslike byproduct left over after a desired metal has been separated i. Chemical, mineralogical, and morphological properties of.